Nature involves attractive, enchanting organizations. These creatures range from the smallest protozoons to the largest mammals. All creatures need energy to acquire. The method of food absorption differs in the different groups of taxa. It is also wonderful how the protozoans destroy booty. The mechanism of nutrition is also amazing. Nutrition is the intake and digestion of food and assimilation to energy acquisition. The way in which the lobby is fed to food also changes dramatically. They represent almost all kinds of food. It may be holistic, holophytic, parasitic, coprozootic, mixotrophic, saprozeous.
first Holozoic Nutrition
The overwhelming majority of protozoans nourish themselves as higher-order organisms. They are able to feed various microorganisms, rotators, crustaceans and other protozoons, etc. These protozoons are called Holozoic. They may be carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, or chirpers. Holozoic food is also called zootrophic nourishment. This type of nutrition consists of three basic steps:
. Food ingestion and ingestion
The regular mode of eating intake is also called phagocytosis, which is largely different in the different classes of the protozoa. The locomotor organs play an important role in catching and ingesting food. Rhumbler has defined four methods in which locomotor organs participate in food isolation and ingestion
. Circumvallation
This method is very common for Amoeba. Here the loot is surrounded by locomotor organs, which can be considered as pseudopods from all sides without direct contact with the spoils and a cup is formed. The food cup is later made with a food vacu to close the prey with large amounts of water
b. Circumfluence
This method is aided by locomotor organs known as axopodia and reticulopodia that prevent the capture of motionless loot. A food cup is formed by direct contact with the spoil and the cytoplasm flows around the predator to absorb it.
c. Invagination
In this case, the bishop is first destroyed by the pseudopody-selected toxin and is then closed to food vacuous and cytoplasm
d. Importing
In this case, passive booty, like filthy algae, simply enter the body into contact and swallowed. The general body surface plays an important role in this process
B. Digestion and Assimilation
Digestion is always intracellular. Food vacuolate is surrounded by a film. To ensure digestion, acids, alkalis and enzymes are poured into the food. The reaction is first acidic then alkaline. The plunder was killed in the acidic environment, which lasts for 4-60 minutes. Digestion occurs most in the alkaline phase. Digestive enzymes are assisted by lysosomes. Protein cleavage proteases and starch-splitting amylases are widely found. The presence of fat-deficient lipase is controversial.
C. Egestion
In naked form, like Amoeba, the unmatched material extends from the obstructive part of the body. In some caves, egestion occurs through a permanent opening in the back of the body as a cytoplasm
. Holophytic Nutrition
This nutrition is also called autotrophic food. This is very common with chlorophyll-carrying flagellates. These organizations perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and chlorophyll. Oxygen is released and the left coal is used to produce the food. The starch is stored as amylum but stored in Eugene as paramilum, which is not colored blue with iodine. Some protozoons produce symbiotic green algae that is photosynthesis and nourishing them.
3rd Saprozoic Nutrition
This nutrition mode is also called osmotrophia. Here, the flagpoles in direct contact with the organics of scattered plants and animals receive their food. Their food is obtained as dissolved material
4. pinocytosis
This is called cellular drinking. This was first studied by Mast and Doyle in 1934 in the Amoeba proteus. Pinocytotic channels are formed in the body to absorb liquid foods from the surrounding media. This method helps the body to obtain higher molecular compounds from the surrounding medium
. Parasitic nutrition
Sporozooks are completely parasites and feed their food as living parasites in the bodies of other animals. It has two categories:
a. commensal
The raw or digested material of the farmer is fed saproxically. Harmless endocommensals. Thus, for example, Nyctotherus, Balantidium
b. pathogen
About 26 species of protozoa are known to be parasites of man. They are responsible for terrible diseases such as sleeping illness, malaria, and so on. To cause.
6th Coprozoic Nutrition
Many free lives Protozoons feed the excreta of other animals and call it coprozootic. Eg Cercomonas etc.
7th Mixotrophic Nutrition
Many protozoa can feed in a variety of ways. Euglena gracilis is able to feed both holofytically and saprozeously.
Whatever may be the means of consuming foods, all lead to adaptation to a colossal environment